Financial security in retirement doesn’t just happen. It takes planning, commitment and, yes, money.
- Fewer than half of Americans have calculated how much they need to save for retirement.
- In 2009, 13 percent of private industry workers with access to a defined contribution plan (such as a 401(k) plan) did not participate.
- The average American spends 20 years in retirement.
Putting money away for retirement is a habit we should all live with. Remember, saving matters!
1. Start saving, keep saving and stick to your goals. If you are already saving, whether for retirement or another goal, keep going! You know that saving is a rewarding habit. If you’re not saving, it’s time to get started. Start small if you have to and try to increase the amount you save each month. The sooner you start saving, the more time your money has to grow (see the chart below). Make saving for retirement a priority. Devise a plan, stick to it and set goals. Remember, it’s never too early or too late to start saving.
2. Know your retirement needs. Retirement is expensive. Experts estimate that you will need about 70 percent of your pre-retirement income — lower earners, 90 percent or more — to maintain your standard of living when you stop working. Take charge of your financial future. The key to a secure retirement is to plan ahead. Start by reading Savings Fitness: A Guide to Your Financial Future and, for those near retirement, Taking the Mystery Out of Retirement Planning.
3. Contribute to your employer’s retirement savings plan. If your employer offers a retirement savings plan, such as a 401(k) plan, sign up and contribute all you can. Your taxes will be lower, your company may kick in more and automatic deductions make it easy. Over time, compound interest and tax deferrals make a big difference in the amount you will accumulate. Learn about your plan. For example, how much would you need to contribute to get the full employer contribution and how long would you need to stay in the plan to get that money?
4. Learn about your employer's pension plan. If your employer has a traditional pension plan, check to see if you are covered by the plan and understand how it works. Ask for an individual benefit statement to see what your benefit is worth. Before you change jobs, find out what will happen to your pension benefit. Learn what benefits you may have from a previous employer. Find out if you will be entitled to benefits from your spouse’s plan. For more information, read What You Should Know about Your Retirement Plan.
5. Consider basic investment principles. How you save can be as important as how much you save. Inflation and the type of investments you make play important roles in how much you’ll have saved at retirement. Know how your savings or pension plan is invested. Learn about your plan’s investment options and ask questions. Put your savings in different types of investments. By diversifying this way, you are more likely to reduce risk and improve return. Your investment mix may change over time depending on a number of factors such as your age, goals and financial circumstances. Financial security and knowledge go hand-in-hand.
6. Don't touch your retirement savings
If you withdraw your retirement savings now, you’ll lose principal and interest, and you may lose tax benefits or have to pay withdrawal penalties. If you change jobs, leave your savings invested in your current retirement plan, or roll them over to an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or your new employer’s plan.
7. Ask your employer to start a plan. If your employer doesn’t offer a retirement plan, suggest that it start one. There are numerous retirement saving plan options available. Your employer may be able to set up a simplified plan that can help both you and your employer. For more information, read ‘Choosing a Retirement Solution for Your Small Business.’
8. Put money into an IRA
You can put up to $5,000 a year into an IRA; you can contribute even more if you are 50 or older. You can also start with much less. IRAs also provide tax advantages.
When you open an IRA, you have two options — a traditional IRA or a Roth IRA. The tax treatment of your contributions and withdrawals will depend on which option you select. Also, the after-tax value of your withdrawal will depend on inflation and the type of IRA you choose. IRAs provide an easy way to save. You can set it up so that an amount is automatically deducted from your checking or savings account and deposited in the IRA.
9. Find out about your Social Security benefits
The advantages of starting early start now. This chart shows what you would accumulate after five, 15, 25 and 35 years if you saved $3,000 each year and your money earned seven percent annually.
Social Security pays benefits that are on average equal to about 40 percent of what you earned before retirement. You should receive a Social Security statement each year that gives you an estimate of how much your benefit will be and when you can receive it. For more information, visit the Social Security Administration’s website or call 1 (800) 772-1213.
10. Ask questions
While these tips are meant to point you in the right direction, you’ll need more information. Read our publications listed below. Talk to your employer, your bank, your union or a financial adviser. Ask questions and make sure you understand the answers. Get practical advice and act now.
To find out more, call the Employee Benefits Security Administration at 1 (866) 444-3272 and request the following brochures or you may download some of them here:
- Savings Fitness: A Guide to Your Money and Your Financial Future
- Taking The Mystery Out Of Retirement Planning
- What You Should Know About Your Retirement Plan
- Filing a Claim for Your Retirement Benefits
- Women and Retirement Savings
- Choosing a Retirement Solution for Your Small Business
Information in this article is courtesy of the United States Department of Labor. For more information, visit www.dol.gov.
